What is Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and how is it treated?

Seasonal Affective Disorder, known as SAD is a form of depression that typically arises during seasons in autumn and winter. Its often called “winter blues” because the symptoms usually emerge when days are shorter and improve as daylight increases, in spring and summer. While less common some individuals may also experience SAD during any season.

Common Symptoms of Seasonal Affective Disorder.

1. Feelings of sadness, hopelessness and worthlessness.
2. Persistent fatigue and low energy levels despite sleep.
3. Changes in sleep patterns such as oversleeping or insomnia.
4. Increased cravings for carbohydrates leading to weight gain.
5. Difficulty concentrating or making decisions.
6. Reduced interest in once enjoyable activities.
7. Withdrawal from social interactions sometimes described as “hibernating.”

Causes of Seasonal Affective Disorder
The exact cause of SAD remains somewhat unclear; however it is thought to be linked to the decrease in sunlight exposure, during autumn and winter.
The decrease, in sunlight can disturb the body’s clock, known as the (circadian rhythm) and result in a decrease in serotonin levels – a neurotransmitter that impacts mood. Moreover fluctuations in melatonin levels a hormone for regulating sleep might also contribute to this effect.

Options for treating Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Light Therapy (Phototherapy); One common method for addressing SAD is therapy. This treatment involves sitting in front of a light box that emits light typically at around 10,000 lux, for approximately 20 – 30 minutes each morning. By mimicking sunlight this therapy can aid in regulating rhythms and boosting serotonin levels.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT); CBT is a form of talk therapy that can assist individuals in altering thought patterns and behaviors. A specific type of CBT known as CBT SAD has been designed to address SAD by focusing on recognizing and managing its symptoms.

Medication; In some cases antidepressants – serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) – may be prescribed to alleviate symptoms. These medications work to balance levels within the brain.

Vitamin D Supplementation; Research indicates that individuals with SAD may have levels of vitamin D due to reduced exposure, to sunlight. Adding vitamin D supplements could potentially alleviate symptoms for individuals.

Changes, in Lifestyle; activity spending time outdoors in daylight and sticking to a consistent sleep routine may also aid in symptom management. Incorporating stress relief practices like meditation or yoga could offer benefits.

Use of Dawn Simulators; Dawn simulators are gadgets that gradually increase the light level in your bedroom during the morning imitating a sunrise. This method can help regulate your sleep patterns and enhance your mood.

In Conclusion:

If you or someone you know is showing signs of Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) it is advisable to seek guidance, from a healthcare professional for a diagnosis and suitable treatment plan.